By Michael E. Phelps
This publication is written as either a textual content and a reference publication. It comprises a number of photos from the organic sciences and scientific perform, tables, graphs, and fig ures, in addition to routines which are labored out to help the reader in figuring out rules or fixing difficulties. at times, derivations are positioned in appen dices in order to not get a divorce the move of the subject material within the textual content. The ebook is meant for a huge viewers attracted to molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). it truly is anticipated that the readers will diversity from undergraduate, graduate, and scientific scholars to citizens, physi cians, and scientists with backgrounds from a number of actual, organic, and scientific area of expertise components. each one bankruptcy offers fabric in a simple guy ner that's good illustrated and defined. a result of different viewers for the ebook, definite chapters or sections of chapters can be of extra curiosity than oth ers to yes segments of the readership. bankruptcy 1 introduces the basic physics upon which puppy imaging sys tems relies and discusses intimately the applied sciences and strategies used to seasoned duce puppy photos. The bankruptcy starts off out via reviewing the physics of positron emission and annihilation and explains how positron diversity and photon non colinearity in accident detection position yes limits on spatial resolution.
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Extra resources for PET: Molecular Imaging and Its Biological Applications
Sample text
These single events are not accepted by the PET scanner, but they are responsible for random and multiple coincidence events (see below). Because they must still be processed by the electronics to see if they form part of a coincidence pair, they are the determining factor in issues related to detector dead time (Dead Time Correction, p. 67). 35 36 PET: Molecular Imaging and Its Biological ApplicatiMl s True Coincidence Scattered Coincidence FIGURE 1-22. Illustration of the four main coincidence event types.
Compton scattering can result in multiple interactions within a detector or interactions in adjacent detectors. It can, therefore, be difficult to unambiguously define the location of the interaction. EXAMPLE 1-7 What thickness of bi muth germanate detector material would be required to cause 90% of the incoming photon flux to interact? CHAPTER 1: PET: Physics. [nstrumelllation, and Scanners Finally, we may want to shield the detectors from radioactivity that is outside the imaging volume. In addition, some multislice PET scanners use collimators in the axial direction to define the slices of the object that is being imaged.
The fraction of scattered events detected can range from 15% to well over 50% in typical PET studies, depending on the size of the object and the geometry and energy resolution of the PET scanner. Multiple coincidences Although only two detectors are required to be activated within the coincidence time window to register a valid coincidence, at high count-rates it is possible that three or more detectors are involved. In this case, it becomes ambiguous where the event should be positioned. Because of this ambiguity, these multiple coincidences normally are discarded.