By Roger Wodehouse
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P. 62°, are precipitated as oils, but soon become crystalline. p. 192°. The cadmium iodide salt, B . HI. p. 146-7°, crystallises from water in long needles. y-Coniceine is a secondary base, and on reduction yields dl-coniine. 49 The Coniceines, C8H15N. 50 Their chief characteristics are tabulated below. a-Coniceine is perhaps the least well-defined of the six ; it is one component of the mixture resulting from the action of hydrochloric acid on conhydrine, and is described by Loffler 51 (1904) as stereoisomeric with e-coniceine (II).
C6H5 . CO or C6H6 . , lobeline, to lobelanidine. The lobinine group is exceptional in having an ethylenic linkage in the nucleus. The carbonyl groups in the diketo- and keto-alcohol bases are not readily detected by the usual reagents and as these bases can be reduced to the dihydric alcohols, it was assumed at first that lobeline and lobelanine contained one and two ether linkages respectively and formulae based on this assumption, and satisfying the other experimental evidence then available, were put forward 10 by Wieland, Schopf and Hermsen, of which that for lobeline (II) may be quoted as an example.
P. p. p. ), and is a strongly alkaline base. p. p. p. 185-6°, forms golden-yellow needles. j-CONHYDRINE 19 Constitution. The close relationship of ^i-conhydrine to eoniine was established by Loffler,45 who showed that it must be a hydroxyconiine, since it is convertible into an iodoconiine, reducible to d-coniine. 46 Loffler concluded that ^-conhydrine must have the hydroxyl group in position 4 in the ring of the 2-propylpiperidine. This formula cannot be reconciled with Willstatter's 33 statement that i/i-conhydrine on oxidation yields piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, and, as an attempt 46 has failed to confirm this observation, it was possibly due to the use of i/i-conhydrine containing conhydrine.