By Con Stough
Nurture or nature? Biology or atmosphere? Why are a few humans clever, or personable, or artistic and others obtuse, or shy, or unimaginative? even if every one person is a different mix of confident and detrimental characteristics and behaviors, the query continues to be: what's the neurobiological foundation for every individual’s make-up? for instance, why does one individual be afflicted by a affliction (e.g., ADHD, autism, psychological retardation) and one other lives freed from maladies?
These are only a few of the matters addressed intimately in Neurobiology of Exceptionality. The introductory bankruptcy offers a broad-based review of present neurobiological innovations (i.e., phrases, approaches, and technologies), that are by way of chapters that supply in-depth exam of the neurobiological bases for:
• Impulsive sensation looking
• Creativity
• Intelligence
• Antisociality
• Autism, psychological retardation, and Down Syndrome
• ADHD
• Savant Syndrome
This quantity offers a one-stop resource for medical psychologists and different allied psychological healthiness execs to entry info on quite a lot of learn at the neurobiology of mental and psychiatric features. it really is designed to provide readers an outline of the present wisdom base of the organic procedures for every trait. it truly is not going that anyone ebook may hide all human characteristics, however the Neurobiology of Exceptionality addresses a variety of extraordinary mental features and psychiatric disorders.
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Additional resources for Neurobiology of Exceptionality
Example text
Like amphetamine, nicotine stimulates dopamine release. Taken together the two studies indicate a greater dopaminergic reactivity in high sensation seekers which may explain their vulnerability to drug abuse. Even if low sensation seekers try drugs they are less likely to experience the kind of arousal that “hooks” the highs. Netter, Hennig, and Roed (1996) found that a dopamine agonist increased the craving for nicotine more in high sensation seekers than in lows. A third line of research is to use drugs that stimulate (agonists) or inhibit (antagonists) activity in a particular neurotransmitter system and measure their effects on the neurotransmitter itself, using hormonal indices of activation.
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A large body of comparative research suggests some broad functions of the monoamines in behavioral reactions (Zuckerman, 1991). In general, dopamine circuits in the brain are involved in appetitive approach and exploration, serotonin in behavioral control, and inhibition of approach in response to signals of danger, and norepinephrine in cortical and autonomic arousal, activity, and fearful reactions to novel or threatening stimuli. This is an oversimplistic picture. In fact, all three monoamines may be activated by threat.