By Harry Heft
During this e-book Harry Heft examines the old and theoretical foundations of James J. Gibson's ecological psychology in twentieth century notion, and in flip, integrates ecological psychology and analyses of sociocultural procedures. A thesis of the e-book is that figuring out is rooted within the direct adventure of significant environmental items and occasions found in individual-environment strategies and on the point of collective, social settings. Ecological Psychology in Context: *traces the first lineage of Gibson's ecological method of William James's philosophy of radical empiricism; *illuminates how the paintings of James's scholar and Gibson's mentor, E.B. Holt, served as a catalyst for the advance of Gibson's framework and as a bridge to James's paintings; *reveals how ecological psychology reciprocally can improve Jamesian experiences by way of resolving the various theoretical problems that saved James from absolutely understanding a realist philosophy; *broadens the scope of Gibson's framework by way of providing a synthesis among it and the ecological application of Roger Barker, who chanced on complicated structures working on the point of collective, social tactics; *demonstrates ways that the mental area could be prolonged to houses of our surroundings rendering its beneficial properties significant, publicly available, and disbursed throughout person-environment approaches; and *shows how Gibson's paintings issues the best way towards overcoming the distance among experimental psychology and the arts. meant for students and scholars within the components of ecological and environmental psychology, theoretical and old psychology, cognitive technological know-how, developmental psychology, anthropology, and philosophy.
Read or Download Ecological Psychology in Context: James Gibson, Roger Barker, and the Legacy of William James's Radical Empiricism (Resources for Ecological Psychology) PDF
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During this e-book Harry Heft examines the old and theoretical foundations of James J. Gibson's ecological psychology in twentieth century notion, and in flip, integrates ecological psychology and analyses of sociocultural procedures. A thesis of the booklet is that understanding is rooted within the direct event of significant environmental items and occasions found in individual-environment tactics and on the point of collective, social settings.
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Extra resources for Ecological Psychology in Context: James Gibson, Roger Barker, and the Legacy of William James's Radical Empiricism (Resources for Ecological Psychology)
Sample text
In many cases, an individual only knows one part of the collective activity. Thus, what is commonly found in the everyday world, once we begin to look for it, are instances of knowing that exist only in a distributed form across a group of individuals and across the tools, artifacts, and representations they employ. In such cases, the needed knowledge for carrying out many activities resides with no one person, but only exists en masse. This discussion of extended and distributed cognition, compatible with the relational foundations laid by James, Holt, and Gibson (not to mention Dewey and Heidegger), helps to liberate psychology from its traditional “derma-bounded” focus—a focus that locates psychological phenomena solely within the boundaries of skin.
This claim is not only inaccurate with reference to James, but also with reference to some (but not all) versions of pragmatism generated by his or John Dewey’s writings. ” This circumstance has impeded ready comprehension of its essential claims, which in turn has adversely affected its wider acceptance. Reading Gibson’s work does little to remedy this situation. Although he clearly indicated which theoretical traditions he distanced himself from, it is far from obvious how to ground his ecological theory in a positive manner.
Second, the varieties of theories in psychology cannot be painted with a single brushstroke. Whereas some theoretical approaches are deeply influenced by the conceptual tools of the physical sciences, others, such as organismic approaches, have explicitly sought to break from that perspective. In the case of the latter, however, there is often an uncritical assimilation of some physicalistic concepts that prevents the goals of these theories to be fully realized. This shortcoming is most evident when it comes to how the environment is handled and how the relation between the person and the environment is conceptualized—but more on these matters later.