By Takami Yamaguchi
This publication specializes in nano-biomedical engineering, crucial key expertise on the planet within the twenty first century. It covers almost every little thing inside present and destiny study and the improvement of biomedical engineering. It follows 4 teams in the box, particularly nano-biomechanics, nano-bioimaging, nano-biodevices, and nano-biointervention.
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Extra resources for Nano-Biomedical Engineering 2012
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3(c). To clearly visualize observed particles in the lipid bilayer, the boxed area in Fig. 3(c) is magnified in Fig. 3(d). Moreover, three-dimensional representation of the highmagnification AFM image is depicted in Fig. 3(e). Many ring-like structures which may be prestin molecules were confirmed to be densely embedded in the lipid bilayer. 3 nm (n = 43), which is consistent with the previously reported size of prestin [5-12]. 2. Function of Prestin The conformational change of the motor protein prestin is considered to confer the cells with the motility and nonlinear capacitance (NLC), which is a signature for the function of prestin.
28 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. C. Le Grimellec, M. C. Giocondi, M. Lenoir, M. Vater, G. Sposito and R. Pujol, High-resolution three-dimensional imaging of the lateral plasma membrane of cochlear outer hair cells by atomic force microscopy. J Comp Neurol 451, 62–69 (2002). M. Murakoshi, T. Gomi, K. Iida, S. Kumano, K. Tsumoto, I. Kumagai, K. Ikeda, T. Kobayashi and H. Wada, Imaging by atomic force microscopy of the plasma membrane of prestin-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells.
The spiral prominence and outer sulcus are thought to be involved in the maintenance of endolymph. Pendrin is expressed at the plasma membranes of the epithelial cells at the stria vascularis, spiral prominence and outer sulcus. However, the mechanisms underlying conditioning-related cochlear protection remain unknown. In the present study, to determine the effects of heat stress on the structure of OHCs, Young’s modulus of OHCs, which indicates the elasticity of materials and is a factor determining stiffness, and the amount of filamentous actin (F-actin) in OHCs, which is a primary component of the cell cytoskeletal structure, were measured before and after heat stress by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), respectively.