By Margaret Harris
This publication, aimed toward complex undergraduates and postgraduate scholars in psychology and similar parts, presents a consultant to the foremost theories and techniques utilized by researchers. rigorously selected articles are observed through a statement from the writer that is helping scholars to appreciate the explanation for a learn, the alternative of layout and overview measures, use of information, and the translation of effects. a variety of fresh study papers is incorporated to hide observational and experimental equipment from infancy to youth.
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Sample text
As Flynn et al. point out, although there are potentially huge rewards to be derived from the adoption of a microgenetic approach, there are also potential pitfalls. One is that repeated presentation of the same task may give rise to unreliable findings as children become over-practised. Another issue is that microgenetic studies are expensive in terms of the amount of time that is required for the analyses since the amount of data generated by repeated and very detailed observation can be overwhelming.
These findings challenge previous studies of young children that failed to show associations between depressive risk status and children’s self-reported depressive cognitions (Goodman, Brogan, Lynch, & Fielding, 1993; Nolen-Hoeksema, Girgus, & Seligman, 1986; Rholes, Blackwell, Jordan, & Walters, 1980). This contrast suggests that eliciting spontaneous responses within a salient and ecologically realistic context may provide a sensitive index of problems linked to young children’s perception of threat.
Have they claimed a significant finding where an effect was only ‘approaching significance’ or ‘marginally significant’? • Do they fully justify their conclusions? • Do they relate their discussion to their original question? • Are there other factors that may have affected the results? qxd 12/14/2007 1:00 PM Page 29 3 O B S E R VAT I O N A L M E T H O D S AND QUESTIONNAIRES Observing behaviour The two most important decisions a researcher has to make in designing an observational study are where to carry out the observation and what kind of events to observe.