By L. Santiago Medina
Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics: Optimizing Imaging in Pediatric sufferer Care offers a consumer pleasant consultant to the evidence-based technology and the benefit defining the perfect use of scientific imaging in babies and kids. Edited by way of Drs. Medina, Applegate and Blackmore, this excellent reference gathers contributions through the world over popular experts within the box. The publication covers the main accepted stipulations and illnesses affecting young ones. every one bankruptcy is framed round very important and provocative scientific questions proper to the day-by-day physician’s perform. Key issues and summarized solutions are highlighted so the busy clinician can speedy comprehend crucial evidence-based imaging facts. issues comprise sufferer choice, imaging recommendations, try out functionality, cost-effectiveness, radiation defense and applicability. A wealth of illustrations and precis tables reinforces the major facts.
By providing a transparent realizing of the technological know-how at the back of the proof, the e-book fills a void for pediatricians, radiologists, clinicians, surgeons, citizens and others with an curiosity in scientific imaging and a wish to enforce an evidence-based method of optimize pediatric sufferer care.
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Extra info for Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics: Optimizing Imaging in Pediatric Patient Care
Example text
This example also highlights one of the difficulties in extrapolating adult data to the care of children as the results of a diagnostic test may have very different meaning in terms of posttest probability of disease in lower prevalence of many conditions in children. Jaeschke et al. (38) have proposed a rule of thumb regarding the interpretation of the LR. For PLR, tests with values greater than 10 have a large difference between pretest and posttest probability with conclusive diagnostic impact; values of 5–10 have a moderate difference in test probabilities and moderate diagnostic impact; values of 2–5 have a small difference in test probabilities and sometimes an important diagnostic impact; and values less than 2 have a small difference in test probabilities and seldom have important diagnostic impact.
For example, Schulz et al. (18) showed a 17% greater outcome improvement in studies with unblinded assessment of outcomes versus those with blinded assessment. To obtain objective scientific assessment of an imaging test, all readers should be blinded to other diagnostic tests and final diagnosis, and all patient-identifying marks on the test should be masked. Bias can also be introduced by the reference standard used to confirm the final diagnosis. First, the interpretation of the reference standard must be made without knowledge of the test results.
Blackmore et al. Conclusion Critical analysis of a research publication can be a challenging task. The reader must consider the potential for type I and type II random errors, as well as systematic error introduced by biases including selection bias, observer bias, and reference standard bias. Screening includes an additional set of challenges related to lead time, length bias, and overdiagnosis. References 1. Moher D, Schulz K, Altman D. JAMA 2001;285:1987–1991. 2. Bossuyt PM, Reitsma J, Bruns D, et al.