By Goetz Benndorf
Dural cavernous sinus fistulas (DCSFs) are benign vascular illnesses consisting in an arteriovenous shunt on the cavernous sinus that if misdiagnosed may end up in most likely severe ophthalmologic problems. This quantity presents an entire consultant to the prognosis and minimum invasive remedy of DCSFs. After sections on anatomy and category, etiology and pathogenesis of DCSFs, the symptomatology of the ailment is defined intimately. The function of recent imaging strategies within the prognosis of DCSFs is then addressed. electronic subtraction angiography (DSA) continues to be the finest for scientific decision-making; the following, complete attention is given to either, traditional second DSA and rotational 3D angiography. fresh technological advances during this box akin to twin quantity (DV) imaging and angiographic computed tomography (ACT) are regarded as good. Due consciousness is additional paid to using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. ultimately, the healing administration of DCSFs with emphasis on a number of transvenous occlusion strategies are mentioned intensive. This well-illustrated quantity might be valuable to all who may well come across DCSF of their scientific perform.
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Extra info for Dural Cavernous Sinus Fistulas: Diagnosis and Endovascular Therapy (Medical Radiology Diagnostic Imaging)
Example text
The course of the inferior petrosal sinus to the jugular foramen along the petroclival fissure and the course of the superior petrosal sinus to the sigmoid sinus along the petrous ridge are demonstrated. Because of its straight and short course, the inferior petrosal sinus represents the most suitable venous approach to the cavernous sinus in the majority of cases. Note also: The internal carotid artery venous plexus (ICAVP, Rektorzik) is not illustrated. The marginal sinus that receives the blood from the BP is not shown.
The branches of the third portion leave the pterygopalatine fossa through corresponding foramina and fissures (Allen et al. 1973) which account for a relative constant angiographic pattern. Among the anteriorly directed branches are the posterior superior alveolar artery, the infraorbital artery and the greater (descending) palatine artery. The sphenopalatine artery is considered the terminal branch of the maxillary artery and leaves the pterygopalatine fossa through the sphenopalatine foramen (Allen et al.
Original classification of ICA segments after Fisher (1938, modified after Krayenbuehl and Yasargil, 1997). Although somewhat limited in accuracy, it is still used by many neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons. Cavernous segment: Between apex of petrous pyramid and base of anterior clinoid process. Petrous segment: Between entrance into the skull base and apex of petrous pyramid. Cervical segment C7: Communicating segment C7 C6 C6: Ophthalmic segment C5: Clinoid segment C5 C4 C4: Cavernous segment C3: Lacerum segment C3 C2 C2: Petrous segment Petrous canal C1 C1: Cervical segment © the canal, the ICA forms a medial convex curve.