By Mark Archibald
This e-book is ready the layout of autos with wheels which are powered through human muscular tissues on my own. those provides cheap, sustainable, and fit transportation to humans around the world. The time period Human-Powered motor vehicle, or HPV, is usually used to indicate a sub-class of automobiles together with basically high-performance bicycles or tricycles outfitted with aerodynamic fairings. extra often, the time period refers to any semi-recumbent bicycle. however the time period may still safely confer with any technique of carriage, conveyance, or shipping that's powered completely by means of human muscles.
This booklet is proscribed to layout of human-powered autos for land use. there are numerous explanation why the layout and use of such automobiles is useful. In built international locations, utilizing an HPV in lieu of an motor vehicle (or in lieu of a moment vehicle for a relations) can store $5,000 to $10,000 every year, whereas enhancing overall healthiness and decreasing emissions of greenhouse gases and pollution. Greenhouse gasoline emission may be diminished by means of greater than 4,000 kg according to yr as a result of the corresponding relief in strength intake of greater than 17,000 kWh. furthermore, infrastructure for biking is much less expensive than highways designed for car traffic.
Human-powered automobiles have been initially designed for transportation, and that's nonetheless their most vital use. HPVs this day offer fresh, quiet, and effective transportation. maybe the main compelling cause to exploit HPVs is sustainability: the environmental footprint of HPVs is usually a lot, a lot smaller than that of alternative modes of transportation. regardless of those commonalities, HPVs are utilized by various diversified humans for a variety of various purposes, together with game, pageant, fee, health and wellbeing, transportation, and drawback for the environment.
The contents contain production tactics and fabrics, functionality modeling, dealing with, drivetrains, buildings, elements, human functionality, and layout recommendations.
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Extra resources for Design of Human-Powered Vehicles
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For example, the designer of a bamboo frame should know the flexural strength of the bamboo used. , few published tables are able to give reliable values. An experiment can provide the necessary information. The design is iterative. Analyses and optimization studies are performed on trial geometry, the geometry and/or material is updated, and the analyses are repeated. The cycle continues until satisfactory results are obtained. Optimization methods are available in many cases to speed convergence.
Detailed working drawings are needed for production of the frame and special-purpose parts. Drawings should include all dimensions required to fully 36 General Structured Design of HPV’s specify the part, but no redundant dimensions. Tolerances should be as large as function will allow. It is quite possible to increase the cost of a part by an order of magnitude or more by specifying a smaller tolerance than is required. As a rough rule of thumb, the cost doubles for every additional decimal place used in a tolerance.
The following book contains illustrations of early bicycles and (mostly) components. Originally published in Japan, there is essentially no text, only figures. 100 Years of Bicycle Component and Accessory Design Authentic Reprint Edition of The Data Book, Van der Plas Publications, San Francisco, 1998. 23 Design of Human-Powered Machines Figure 2-8 Recumbent quadricycle with options for either arm or leg cranks 24 CHAPTER GENERAL STRUCTURED DESIGN OF HPV’s 3 D esigning a new human-powered vehicle from scratch is both stimulating and rewarding.