By Alasdair McAndrew
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Extra info for An Introduction to Digital Image Processing with MATLAB (draft)
Sample text
Compare the results of darkening b2 and b3. Note that b3, although darker than the original, is 40 CHAPTER 2. 2. ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS 41 still quite clear, whereas a lot of information has been lost by the subtraction process, as can be seen in image b2. This is because in image b2 all pixels with grey values 128 or less have become zero. A similar loss of information has occurred in the images b1 and b4. Note in particular the edges of the light coloured block in the bottom centre; in both b1 and b4 the right hand edge has disappeared.
We can get round this in two ways. 3. 4 shows some examples of functions which will have these effects. To implement these functions, we use the immultiply function. 4. 5. Compare the results of darkening b2 and b3. Note that b3, although darker than the original, is 40 CHAPTER 2. 2. ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS 41 still quite clear, whereas a lot of information has been lost by the subtraction process, as can be seen in image b2. This is because in image b2 all pixels with grey values 128 or less have become zero.
Transforms allow for some very efficient and powerful algorithms, as we shall see later on. We may consider that in using a transform, the entire image is processed as a single large block. 1. 1: Schema for transform processing 2. Neighbourhood processing. To change the grey level of a given pixel we need only know the value of the grey levels in a small neighbourhood of pixels around the given pixel. 3. Point operations. A pixel’s grey value is changed without any knowledge of its surrounds. Although point operations are the simplest, they contain some of the most powerful and widely used of all image processing operations.