By Rhoda G.M. Wang
This quantity examines each capability technique of publicity to water contaminants, offers in-depth discussions on toxicology, and explains up to date thoughts for comparing human well-being probability. It develops a strategy for assessing the cumulative absorbed dose of contaminants via all routes of publicity, together with ingestion, inhalation and dermal. Federal and kingdom efforts to watch and deal with water are tested.
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Extra resources for Water Contamination and Health: Integration of Exposure Assessment, Toxicology, and Risk Assessment
Example text
F. Stara, J. L. Y. C. , 1986, pp. 445-461. 65. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines and methodology used in preparation of health effects assessment chapters of the consent decree water criteria documents,Federal Register 45:79347, 1980. 66. CaliforniaDepartment of HealthServices, CaliforniaSafeDrinking Water Act, Laws and Standards Relating to Domestic Water Supply, Section 40104095,1990. 67. Y. F. P. M. M. Milea, Development of recommended public health levels for drinking water in California, Toxicologist 11:198 (1991).
Health Perspect. 69:31-44 (1986). I. Barnes, Dissolved Constituents Including Selenium in Waters 39. S. S. Geological Survey Water Re- sources Investigations Report 85-4200, 1985. 40. State Water Resources Control Board, Selenium iv California,Vol. 1,History, Chemistry, Biology, Uses, Management, Report No. 88-10-I-WR, 1988. 41. B. Hayward, Field monitoring of chrysotile asbestos in California waters, J . Am. Water Works Assn. 76:66-72 (1984). 42. National Toxicology Program, Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies Chryof sotile Asbestos in F3441N Rats (Feed Studies), NTP Technical Report Series No.
2% 37 38 LAM ET AL. S. EPA must establish maximum contaminant level goals, which are nonenforceable health goals, and maximum contaminant levels, the enforceable standards. For MCL the technical feasibility of removing the chemical, the analytical detection limit, and the economic impact of regulating the contaminant are taken intoaccount. The MCLG are theoretical goals for contaminant levels in drinking water, set at levels at which no adverse human health effects are anticipated. It also includes a margin of safety.