By Dusan Djukic, Vladimir Jankovic, Ivan Matic, Nikola Petrovic

This is often the final word number of tough high-school-level arithmetic difficulties. it's the results of a 12 months lengthy collaboration to rescue those difficulties from previous and scattered manuscripts, and convey the definitive resource of IMO perform difficulties in booklet shape for the 1st time. This publication makes an attempt to collect all of the difficulties and suggestions showing at the IMO and incorporates a grand overall of 1900 difficulties. it's a useful source for high-school scholars getting ready for arithmetic competitions, and for an individual who loves math.

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N), then the system of congruences ai x ≡ ci (mod mi ), i = 1, 2, . . , n , has a unique solution modulo m1 m2 · · · mk . 120 (Wilson’s theorem). If p is a prime, then p | (p − 1)! + 1. 121 (Fermat’s (little) theorem). Let p be a prime number and a be an integer with (a, p) = 1. Then ap−1 ≡ 1 (mod p). This theorem is a special case of Euler’s theorem. 122. Euler’s function ϕ(n) is defined for n ∈ N as the number of positive integers less than n and coprime to n. It holds that ϕ(n) = n 1 − 1 p1 ··· 1 − 1 pk , αk 1 where n = pα 1 · · · pk is the factorization of n into primes.

Every two of them are joined by a segment, colored either red or gray, so that no three segments form a triangle colored in one color. (a) Prove that (1) every point is a vertex of exactly two red and two gray segments, and (2) the red segments form a closed path that passes through each point. (b) Give an example of such a coloring. 40 3 Problems 44. (YUG) What is the greatest number of balls of radius 1/2 that can be placed within a rectangular box of size 10 × 10 × 1? 45. (YUG) An alphabet consists of n letters.

Prove that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter is given by d = r(r − 2ρ) . 7. (USS) Prove that a tetrahedron SABC has five different spheres that touch all six lines determined by its edges if and only if it is regular. 1 Contest Problems First Day 1. (CZS) Determine all real solutions of the equation x, where p is a real number. √ x2 − p+2 x2 − 1 = 2. (USS) Find the locus of points in space that are vertices of right angles of which one ray passes through a given point and the other intersects a given segment.

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The IMO Compendium. A Collection of Problems Suggested for by Dusan Djukic, Vladimir Jankovic, Ivan Matic, Nikola Petrovic
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