By Charles M. Peters
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Additional info for The Ecology and Management of Non-Timber Forest Resources (World Bank Technical Paper)
Sample text
248 Malhotra, Koenig, and Sinsukprasert, A Survey of Asia's Energy Prices No. 249 Le Moigne, Easter, Ochs, and Giltner, Water Policy and Water Markets: Selected Papers and Proceedings from the World Bank's Annual Irrigation and Drainage Seminar, Annapolis, Maryland, December 810, 1992 No. 250 Rangeley, Thiam, Andersen, and Lyle, International River Basin Organizations in Sub-Saharan Africa No. 251 Sharma, Rietbergen, Heimo, and Patel, A Strategy for the Forest Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa No. 252 The World Bank/FAO/UNIDO/Industry Fertilizer Working Group, World and Regional Supply and Demand Balances for Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potash, 1992/931998/99 No.
The igapo (forest seasonally flooded by infertile blackwater) inventoried near Belem, Brazil, for example, contained only sixty tree species per hectare, while the kerangas or heath forest growing on poor, sandy podzolic soils near Badas, Brunei was limited to seventy-two tree species per hectare. An additional feature of tropical forest diversity is its small-scale heterogeneity: adjacent tracts of forests may differ greatly in species composition. 536972Note: The numbers are for stems and trees equal to or greater than 10 centimeters DBH.
Start (1974) reported that the nectarivorous Malaysian bat Eonycteris spelaea may fly up to 50 kilometers from its roost in a single night and visit the flowers of several different tree species along the way. Bat-pollinated flowers are known to occur in two distinctively different forms: either large, sturdy single flowers or "bottle brush" inflorescences (Faegri and van der Pijl 1971). Both floral forms open at night; have a drab or whitish color; exude a strong, musty odor; and produce large quantities of pollen and nectar.