By Ratan Lal Banik
This monograph goals at bringing out a complete number of details on bamboo types in South Asia. the focus of this ebook is to handle the ecological and monetary importance of bamboos.
Bamboo is a flexible team of vegetation, able to supplying ecological, monetary and livelihood safeguard to the folk. within the tropics, specifically the agricultural parts in numerous international locations of South Asia, many of the homes are made up of bamboos. within the hilly parts of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and India, the tribal humans take bamboo shoots as considered one of their significant nutrition goods considering the fact that prehistoric days. With palatable shoots and grass like leaves bamboo vegetation have additionally been beloved via many herbivore animals, equivalent to, elephants, the wild farm animals, Indian Bison, and a few species of deer. The red-panda within the Himalayas, and primates, pigs, rats and mice, porcupines, and squirrels also are incidental feeders on southeast Asian bamboos.
There has been a starting to be information in recent times concerning the values of bamboo being a major technique of monetary development and for making improvements to the socio-economic stipulations of the agricultural poor. Bamboo as an commercial fabric can alternative wooden and that to at cost-effective. because of expanding call for and squeezing of bamboo quarter the vegetation were overexploited and the standard and volume of source alarmingly getting depleted. along with many new bamboo dependent industries have arise which additionally urgently require uninterrupted provide of species clever bamboo source.
The south Asia zone has bestowed with greater than three hundred bamboo species with huge, immense diversities at species, ecological and genetical level. a couple of bamboo species are chanced on universal between nations of the zone chosen for varied usage potentials having wide variety of skill to regulate environmental stipulations of those nations and hence prioritized for cultivation. either executive and personal planters within the region have begun allocating cash, land and different logistics to elevate huge scale plantation of desired bamboo species.
This booklet has been drafted to determine solutions of the main pertinent queries in keeping with the sector observations on all of the bamboo species and information learnt from the indigenous humans residing with bamboos in several elements of south-east and south Asian countries.
This monograph will be fascinating and invaluable to bamboo execs, foresters, horticulturists, box point extension staff, nurserymen, planters, business marketers, ecologists, and worthwhile resource of connection with the suitable researchers and scholars within the region.
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Extra info for Silviculture of South Asian Priority Bamboos
Example text
The imperfect blades also long (15–20 cm), broad (8–10 cm) and sharp at the apex. Ligule broad, 3–7 mm long, margin wavy and finely serrated. Vegetative Growth The newly emerged culm is distinctly conical, pointed, dome shaped, covered tightly with sheaths and at this stage used as edible shoot. Culm emergence period May to November, June to August is peak period of emergence (Banik 1993a). Generally at the beginning annually per clump produce 2–5 culms and then it may be 10–23 culms. It is reported that maximum rate of elongation of a culm is up to 77 cm per day; culm attains its optimum height within 75–90 days of emergence (Banik 2000).
A light brown whitish pubescent ring present above the node and hairy below. The silvery brown pubescence is distinctly visible on internodes of younger culms (Fig. 1c). Branching The culms branched from the base. The branches are strong and elongated with prominent nodes (Fig. 1d). Within 7–9 months of age, the large branch bud on each of the culm node breaks and produces a thick stout branch basipetally. 5–8 m long with swollen nodes, usually stout and thick at the basal ⅓ of the length, and the remaining upper portion is narrow and whip-like.
New canal banks are also good sites. Farmers occasionally plant one or a few clumps by the side of the well near the paddy and wheat field for taking rest and drinking water at the midday lunch time. 2 Planting Space and Pit Making Planting space may be 5 × 5 m under high rainfall and with more weed conditions; wider spacing like 6 m × 6 m may be adopted in the areas having lower rainfall and lesser weed problem. Therefore, in a hectare, either 400 or 278 propagules (cuttings or tissue culture plants, seedlings not available as species do not produce seeds) are necessary.