By Manjit S Kang
This ebook offers an outline of the swiftly constructing integration and interdependence of quantitative genetics, genomics, bioinformatics and their software to plant breeding. Chapters were constructed from a symposium held in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in March 2001, even though extra contributions have additionally been commissioned specially for this quantity. the most themes coated comprise: quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genomics, bioinformatics and marker-assisted choice; tissue tradition and alien introgression for crop development; and advances in genotype via surroundings interaction/stability research.
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Extra resources for Quantitative Genetics, Genomics and Plant Breeding (Cabi)
Sample text
Genetic mapping of molecular polymorphisms is familiar to many researchers in plant genetics, but the ability to build physical maps of large fragments has been limited to model plant organisms with small genomes. Physical mapping, such as that performed in the public humangenome-sequencing effort, is achieved by dividing the genomic sequence into large (100–200 kb) fragments called bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). These BACs are digested and separated by electrophoresis. Overlapping BACs can be identified because they produce significant numbers of identically sized restriction fragments.
Quantitative genetics provides the machinery necessary for managing all this uncertainty in the face of some knowledge of important genotypes. Indeed, variance components allow one to quantify just how much of the variation is unaccounted for by the known genotypes. A critical feature of quantitative genetics is that it allows for the proper accounting of correlations between relatives in the unmeasured genetic values (g). We do not mean to paint an overly harsh view of the importance of being able to identify key genotypes.
Such developments in finite-locus models provide a useful framework for predicting selection response when partial genotypic information is available. Evolutionary genetics As the search for potentially useful genes moves to natural populations, machinery from evolutionary and population genetics may prove useful. The issues of concern to evolutionary geneticists involve estimating the nature and amount of selection on a defined suite of characters and the population genetics of evolution. Three useful developments from this field may be of interest to plant breeders.