By Luke VanderHart
This publication is the 1st definitive reference for the Clojure language, delivering either an advent to practical programming more often than not and a extra particular advent to Clojure’s gains. This e-book demonstrates using the language via examples, together with positive aspects such as software transactional reminiscence (STM) and immutability, that may be new to programmers coming from different languages. review of useful programming and outline of what units Clojure except different languages distinctive rationalization of Clojure’s distinctive positive aspects Examples of real-world initiatives which are well-suited to Clojure’s features, beginning with basic initiatives and relocating directly to extra complicated purposes What you’ll study What Clojure is—more than simply one other Lisp find out how to organize a Clojure surroundings The constitution and syntax of a Clojure software Java interoperability easy methods to use Clojure for real-world initiatives universal idioms of Clojure code Who this ebook is for There are audiences for this publication: any technical individual intending to recognize what Clojure is and why they may are looking to use it, and any programmer meaning to research and use the language. The ambitions of those audiences mesh well, on condition that Clojure has a number of new, state of the art good points that programmers are not likely to have encountered ahead of. desk of Contents The Clojure method The Clojure surroundings Controlling software movement facts in Clojure Sequences kingdom administration Namespaces and Libraries Metadata Multimethods and Hierarchies Java Interoperability Parallel Programming Macros and Metaprogramming Datatypes and Protocols functionality
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Sample text
Referencing Namespaces To reference a var in a different namespace, simply use its fully-qualified name. Exception: Unable to resolve symbol: my-number in this context... other-namespace=> user/my-number 5 Here you first define a var in the default user namespace. Then, you create a new namespace and switch to it. When you try to evaluate my-number, it causes an error—it can’t find it in the current namespace. When you use the fully qualified name, however, it resolves the var and returns the value you originally bound to it.
Mutable, global symbols as part of how your program works are bad news, even though you might be able to get it to run. If you need changeable values as part of your program, global or otherwise, you should always use Clojure’s thread-safe reference types, never redefinition of symbols. That said, there is a very good, appropriate use for redefining existing values: manually updating or changing a program while it is running. It is Clojure’s ability to rebind a symbol that allows you to build or change a program without restarting it.
This can greatly speed development time. It allows developers to see what their code does instantly in the context of an already-running program without any of the overhead of the time needed to stop the program, edit the code, recompile, and start it up again. This organic, bottom-up style of coding soon starts to feel extremely natural, and returning to a static development environment soon feels slow and cumbersome. Compared to other “scripting” languages which also provide real-time evaluation, however, Clojure's on-the-fly capabilities are much more robust.