By Julian Evans
Planted forests, even though in basic terms seven in step with cent of the world's woodland assets, have outmoded evidently regenerating forests because the significant resource of business wooden items. Lessening the strain for wooden construction, tree planting has published traditional forests to be controlled for different reasons - carbon sinks, soil and water security, conservation of organic variety, sport and amenity. Representing a supplement, yet now not an alternate, to ordinary forests, planted forests became more and more vital for lowering all over the world deforestation, lack of woodland ecosystems and wooded area degradation. reading the importance of this quickly rising global source, chapters think of the strengths and weaknesses of planted forests, administration pursuits for his or her use and facets of possession and coverage. information from key construction international locations are used to guage the consequences and sustainability of planted forests as a resource of woodland items in addition to social and ecological concerns.
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Extra resources for Planted Forests: Uses, Impacts and Sustainability
Sample text
3 Proportions What has not been addressed is the further issue of proportion. Many forests have a mix of silvicultural histories and treatments. Parts regenerate naturally, parts are planted, parts are enriched by planting and so on. Usual guidance is to classify based on whether more than 50% by area or number of trees falls in the category concerned. The difficulty is that such information is often unavailable. 3 FRA 2005 and the Planted Forests Subgroup Since 1980 the Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) has been collecting statistical information on forest according to the two main classes of forests: natural forests and plantations.
Both in China and to a much smaller extent in Europe, there has been a trend towards smallholder ownership, although less pronounced than with planted forests for production. Most publicly owned planted forests for protection are located in East Asia, with large areas in China and Japan, and in Europe, where the bulk is in the Russian Federation and to a lesser extent in countries such as Poland. Many publicly owned protective forests are in the semi-natural category, reflecting reservation by the state of existing natural forest for protection purposes but with reliance on planting to ensure satisfactory re-stocking and continuance of cover.
Ownership Ownership of forest and other wooded land was reported for all forests in FRA 2005 (FAO, 2006a) but not specifically for the planted forest subset. The FAO thematic study on planted forest shows that recent trends in decentralization and devolution arising from privatization (with or without increased participation) are reflected in the ownership of planted forests for production. The area in public ownership in 1990 formed 70% of the total area, but by 2005 had fallen to 50%. Corporate ownership (generally large scale) has remained steady at about 18% of the total area.