By Robert A. Nye
Gender stories became a space of serious curiosity in lots of disciplines. the following, Nye examines the evolving definitions of masculinity in France because the eighteenth century. in particular, Nye seems at how the aristocratic ethos of male honor, rooted in a society of landlords, hunters, and warriors, tailored to a society influenced by way of utilitarian values, city lifestyles, and rational legislation. He makes a speciality of the cultural practices and mentality of center and top classification men and the allure in their codes to males all through French society.
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Extra resources for Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France
Sample text
Even gross inequalities in weapons or the number of seconds— matters of cardinal legal importance in the nineteenth-century duel—were overlooked, lest a protest be interpreted as cowardice. Indeed, when one gentleman brought his entourage to witness his combat with another, gestures of support could accelerate into threats, until everyone was involved in the fray. 57 The weapon of choice was the epee, another Italian refinement, often supplemented by the poignet, which was held in the opposing hand.
22 If, however, we focused only on the blend of features that composed the makeup of this elite of wealth and blood, we would fail to understand how important the differences between them remained. 24 However much they might have craved noble rank, the upper strata of the bourgeoisie, for their part, possessed certain qualities and engaged in particular practices that linked them more closely to their humble brethren in the middle classes than to titled lords. These qualities derived from the legal status of roturier property and from the reproductive and inheritance strategies that were required to defend and expand it.
66 In France the bond between heredity and honor was closer, more hotly defended, and remained so into the eighteenth century. 67 Though a vigorous noble lobby developed which hoped to gain a monopoly of offices and honors for birth in place of merit, access routes to aristocratic culture and its perquisites remained open throughout the Old Regime. 68 If recently elevated robe nobles 28 Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France were successful in having their dueling challenges accepted by nobles of older lineage, they could rightly claim to possess honor themselves.