By L.G. Herringshaw, John H. Tellam, Michael O. Rivett, Rauf G. Israfilov
On condition that round 50% of the worlds inhabitants dwell in towns, and that city populations are increasing quickly, the problems are very important and changing into more and more pressing. to minimize the consequences of such affects, administration is needed without reference to no matter if the groundwater is for use or now not. This administration has to be in accordance with a valid technical realizing of the interacting procedures concerned. The 40 papers during this quantity discover the nation of this realizing within the context of quite a lot of nations (and consequently cultures), climates, and geologies. they're divided into subject components overlaying circulation, chemical water caliber, organic water caliber, remediation, engineering, and socio-economics. An preliminary part units the scene with quite a number built-in regional-scale experiences. the amount offers an perception into groundwater concerns for different city experts, together with planners: with out conversation among the disciplines concerned, growth in the direction of appropriate city sustainability might be gradual.
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Additional info for Urban Groundwater Management and Sustainability (NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences)
Sample text
Confined groundwater occurs within the Quaternary sediments within the Zirya syncline, the Bina-Hovsan syncline, and the Baku syncline. Confined groundwater also occurs within the Neogene sediments (Absheron stage) within the Bilgyah-Mardakyani-Shuvalan syncline. Because of the low quality of the confined groundwater, which not used for drinking, the main importance of the urbanization influences its effect on the shallow groundwater, and this is the main focus of the study. Hydrogeological maps of scale 1:25000 provide complete information about the origin, occurrence, and movements of the groundwater.
Around this era, the city’s population was predominantly composed of labourers for the oil industry drawn from rural Azerbaijan and neighbouring countries including Russia and Iran. The oilfield settlement populations had to use industrial water condensates for their supply which was far from satisfactory. Infectious diseases were observed among the city population and in part ascribed to poor water supply. Since 1897 the town council had supplied additional water from the mouth of the River Kura by barges via the Caspian Sea.
2 Natural Setting of the Case study Area The Absheron peninsula is located in the east of the Azerbaijan Republic on the west coast of the Caspian Sea (Figure 1). It has an area of 1984 km2 and is underlain by Cretaceous , Palaeogene, Neogene, Pliocene, and Quaternary deposits. The lithological composition of the sequence up to the base of the Neogene consists of sands, clays, sandy clays, and limestones. Figure 1. Map of water table contours for the Absheron peninsula for 1999; 1-water table contours; 2 - region where there is only sporadic development of the aquifer; 3 impermeable deposits; 4- irrigation Canal; 5- channels for waste oilfield waters.