By Pawel Parniewski, Pawel Staczek (auth.), Lubov T. Timchenko (eds.)

World of volatile Mutations The booklet "Triplet Repeat ailments of the frightened process" overviews the lat­ est facts on a number of problems linked to risky mutations. This box of re­ seek is progressing super quick. The variety of polymorphic mutations and ailments brought on by those mutations is expanding nearly each month. there's a powerful curiosity to molecular bases of triplet repeat issues. this can be defined by way of turning out to be necessity to enhance molecular methods for remedy of those ailments. There­ fore, the authors of this publication describe volatile mutations with the emphasis on molecular pathology. vast dialogue is gifted on how polymorphic expan­ sions reason telephone disorder. o the 1st bankruptcy of the booklet makes a speciality of the molecular pathological seasoned­ cesses that originate "unstable" mutations. The authors overview numerous avail­ capable versions in which basic "stable" sector of DNA develop into pathogenic and speak about attainable mechanisms inflicting DNA instability. o the opposite chapters of the e-book describe inherited illnesses linked to types of risky mutations. in response to the positioning of mutation within the illness gene, polymorphic expansions of the worried approach may be divided into significant teams. First staff comprises issues with volatile expansions in the open interpreting body of the gene corresponding to Spinocer­ ebellar Ataxias as a result of polyglutamine expansions. the second one workforce in­ cludes ailments brought on by expansions located in the untranslated re­ gions of the gene.

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Destabilization of CAG trinucleotide repeat tracts by mismatch repair mutations in yeast. Hum Mol Gen 1997; 6:349-355. 65. Pamiewski P, Jaworski A, Wells RD et at. CAG repeats determines the influence of mismatch repair on genetic instability. J Mol BioI 2000; 299(4):865-874. 66. Manley K, Shirley TL, Flaherty L et at. MSH2 deficiency prevents in vivo somatic instability of the CAG repeat in Huntington disease transgenic mice. Nature Genetics 1999; 23(4):471-473. 24 P. PARNIEWSKI AND P. STACZEK 67.

6. Oostra BA. Trinucleotide Diseases and Instability. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1998. 7. Cummings CJ, Zoghbi HY. Fourteen and counting: Unraveling trinucleotide repeat diseases. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:909-916. 8. Richards RI, Sutherland GR. Dynamic mutations: A new class of mutations causing human disease. Cell 1992; 70:709-712. 9. Sutherland GR, Richards RI. Simple tandem DNA repeats and human genetic disease. Proc Nat! Acad Sci USA 1995; 92:3636-3641. 10. McInnis MG. Anticipation: An old idea in new genes.

However, these length changes are still an order of magnitude smaller than would be expected for similar sized alleles at the human DM1 locus. 3,5 Nonetheless, the length changes observed in both the Dmtl62 and DM55 and DM300 lines are comparable to the dynamics observed at many of the more stable human loci such as the spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy loci. 24 Thus, it currently remains unclear whether the large germline expansions observed at the human DM1 locus are reproducible in mice.

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Triple Repeat Diseases of the Nervous Systems by Pawel Parniewski, Pawel Staczek (auth.), Lubov T. Timchenko
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