By David M. Brugge
This own and ancient account strains the origins and development of the twentieth-century felony conflict, therapeutic v. Jones, among the Hopis and Navajos over the keep watch over of the joint-occupation reservation initially put aside by means of President Chester A. Arthur in 1882. David M. Brugge has contributed a brand new afterword to replace the federal case and land factor.
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Once the troops turned back, the Hopis ignored their pledges of obedience. 34 The Hopis were said to number over 10,000 people in the 1740s. Overcrowding of a limited land base and a few dry years were probably at the heart of both the friction and the willingness of refugee populations to depart. 35 The correspondence in time between the return of refugee populations from Hopi and the brief establishment of Navajo missions may be due largely to the effects of the drought and the zeal of certain Franciscans present in the New Mexico missions, but there were undoubtedly contacts between the Hopis and Navajos that influenced the course of events as well, for neighboring tribal societies did not live in isolation from each other.
The implication that factional divisions continued to split the Hopis in regard to their relations with both the Navajos and the whites cannot be ignored in these seemingly inconsistent Hopi actions. 58 It was during this drought that the headman Narbona led his followers westward from the Tunicha Valley to the banks of the Dinnebito Wash west of Oraibi. They stayed there several years until the rains returned. 59 In the 1830s, during the boyhood of the Hopi Djasjini, an informant of an early ethnographer, Navajos lived on the mesas all around the Hopi country.
He said the missionaries were impostors who would cause them to die by sprinkling water on their heads. " The second night at: Awatovi, the easternmost Page 6 Hopi town at the time, "enemy captains" came to attack the Spaniards, but the guard was alert and the soldiers were up and mounted by the time they arrived. This happened on another night as well, and the visitors felt it necessary to threaten the Hopis with the vengeance of a Spanish army if they should be harmed. " They offered gifts such as "rattles, beads, hatchets and knives," but the Indians refused them, fearing that anything given them by the friars might bring death.