By Tsugio Amemiya M.D., Ph.D. (auth.)
Retinal and choroidal vasculatures are simply suffering from a number of systemic illnesses, and adjustments within the retina can simply be saw with a variety of techniques comparable to direct and oblique ophthalmoscopy, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein fundus angiography, and indocyanin eco-friendly fundus angiography. Vascular alterations are the foremost, so much well-known, and most vital fundus adjustments. The above-mentioned tactics can display vascular adjustments in actual fact, yet regularly show alterations within the superficial layer of the retina. furthermore, those strategies can't express the three-d structure of the retina. frequently we will be able to slightly receive the view of that 3 dimensional structure. even as, pathological findings are good defined, yet so much of them are in accordance with histological and cytological tools. therefore, 3-dimensional description of pathology is unusual. Vascular corrosion solid scanning electron microscopy provides a really worthwhile three-d view of the microvasculature and will display the superb structural structure of the capillary community. in spite of the fact that, the applying of this system to the retinal and choroidal vasculature is especially tough, in particular in small eyes. We succeeded in making solid corrosion casts of retinal and choroidal vessels within the rat. utilizing this technique prior to now 10 years we now have tested the retinal and choroidal vascular structure of rats with quite a few systemic illnesses resembling getting older, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and arteriosclerosis.
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Additional resources for Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Changes and Systemic Diseases in Rats: Corrosion Cast and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Example text
Continued 42 T. 8. SEM micrograph of the origin of a vortex vein. The collecting venules converge from all directions into the vortex vein (Vv) forming ampullae of the vortex vein. The caliber of these veins is irregular. Bar, 1 mm The Venous Drainage Two distinct venous outflow patterns of the rat choroid were observed (Fig. 1) The first was from the central region, peripapillary choroid, and in some cases the optic nerve head, which were drained by small veins that ran more or less directly into the posterior ciliary vein.
Materials and Methods Experimental Animals Twenty male and 20 female Wistar Kyoto rats, 12-24 weeks old and weighing 250-350 g with a normal ocular fundus, were fed a standard laboratory chow diet (Oriental Kobo, Tokyo, Japan) and given tap water ad libitum. 33 34 T. Amemiya Results The corrosion casts provided excellent three-dimensional visualization of the entire choroidal vasculature of the rat (Fig. 1). All casts demonstrated complete filling of the major arteries and veins of the choroid with extensive filling of the fine capillary bed in a majority of specimens (Bhutto and Amemiya).
21). Intercapillary spaces became wider and finally led to a scattered capillary network. Transmission election microscopy showed that the retinal capillaries in the inner and outer plexiform layers had thin endothelial cells, which contained scarce cytoplasmic components and vacuoles and had basement membranes of irregular thickness (Fig. 22). Capillary pericytes were damaged. The mean retinal capillary diameters are shown in Table 4. 01). 0001). Table 5. 2614 26 T. Amemiya Fig. 21. Retinal capillaries of an 18-month-old inherited hypercholesterolemic (RICO) rat are very straight and resemble fine strings.