By National Council on Radiation Protection
This document is anxious with neutron turbines that function at voltages less than a number of hundred kilovolts and bring neutrons mainly by means of the T(d,n) response. The record offers details at the radiation security difficulties within the use of those turbines and the potential to be had for facing those difficulties. it really is meant to function a consultant to reliable perform and produce jointly a few ideas appropriate to using low voltage neutron turbines that experience seemed in different NCRP files. The document surveys the radiations produced via low voltage neutron turbines and their dimension. It then addresses the basics of radiation defense, together with protecting and actual safeguards. tips is given on radioactive waste because of using neutron turbines and data is equipped on nonradiation dangers and licensing.
Content:
• entrance topic
• Preface
• desk of Contents
• 1. advent
2. Radiations Produced via Low-Voltage Neutron turbines
three. basics of Radiation defense
four. protective and different actual Safeguards
five. size of Radiation
6. Radioactive Waste: Nature, resources, dealing with, and garage
7. different dangers
• eight. Licensing
• Appendix A: Definitions
Appendix B: size of Tritium
Appendix C: D-T Neutron protective
• Appendix D: NCRP assertion on Dose restrict for Neutrons
• References
• The NCRP
• NCRP guides
• Index
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Extra resources for Radiation Protection and Measurement for Low-Voltage Neutron Generators
Sample text
18 / 4. SHIELDING AND OTHER PHYSICAL SAFEGUARDS 0 100 200 THICKNESS O F CONCRETE. c m Fig. 9. 3 g ern-=) for a 14-MeV neutron generator. This curve'is two times c w e c of Figure 5 (Appendix C) to account for gamma raye. Hence, the c w e doee not go through unity at zero thickness. (See Appendix C for details). 0025 rem h-I in this equation. (3) Determine from Figure 3 or 4, or from Table 5, the thickness of concrete or water required to give this transmission. Example: How thick must a shield be for a point 3 m from a D-T source producing 10" neutrons per second?
In the event operation is interrupted by an interlock opening, the operator shall determine what caused the interlock to open and that there is no one in the exposure room before he starts the generator again. It is necessary to be prepared for the possibility that the operator may mias seeing someone when he looks through the exposure room prior to startup. This shall be done by providing an automatic sequencing system in the startup controls that provides a clearly audible warning sound for a period just before radiation production begins.
17 rem in the average 12 / 3. FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIATION PROTECTION person who is non-occupationally exposed. 3). If exposure to more than one radio-nuclide occurs, if there is exposure to both internal and external radiation, or if the periods of exposure are different from those for which recommendations were made, the Hm and the MPC's must be altered. 0, MPC Hm +' where the summation is over all nuclides involved and the equation is applied separately to each critical organ in the body. 3 Radiation Surveys To make a radiation survey of a facility means to evaluate the factors for potential exposure to radiation at the facility.