By Paul Reuss
Initially simply an offshoot of nuclear physics, neutron physics quickly turned a department of physics in its personal correct. It offers with the flow of neutrons in nuclear reactors and all of the nuclear reactions they set off there, relatively the fi ssion of heavy nuclei which starts off a sequence response to provide power. Neutron Physics covers the complete variety of data of this advanced technology, discussing the fundamentals of neutron physics and a few ideas of neutron physics calculations. simply because neutron physics is the fundamental a part of reactor physics, it's the major topic taught to scholars of Nuclear Engineering. This e-book takes an educational technique for that function. Neutron Physics is additionally meant for all physicists and engineers keen on improvement or operational points of nuclear energy
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As mentioned above, when physicists discovered that neutron-induced fission also emitted a few neutrons, they realised that chain reactions were a possibility: Neutrons ⇒ Fissions ⇒ Neutrons ⇒ Fissions ⇒ Neutrons ⇒ etc. Such a reaction would release a phenomenal amount of energy, which could be used either for peaceful purposes or to create a formidable weapon. To produce energy for peaceful purposes, the rate of reaction must be controlled, as it would be in a classic boiler. For a weapon, as in a bomb using chemical explosives, fast amplification of the reaction is required.
This means that our uranium resources could produce fifty to sixty times more energy, thereby postponing any shortage until the very distant future. 18 Neutron Physics Secondly, the estimate of available resources (approximately four million tonnes) does not include all existing uranium, but only sources that can demonstrably or probably be exploited under current economic conditions (at a cost of $130 per kg). In fact, however, uranium is a relatively abundant element, and a great deal more of it could be made available if we were willing to pay a higher price for it.
What is the multiplication factor k? Let α be the probability that a neutron entering the reactor initiates an unlimited fission chain reaction (probability that the chain reaction starts), and let ε = 1−α be the probability that the fission chain reaction stops after 0, 1, 2... or any finite number of generations (probability that the chain reaction ceases). Expressing this last probability according to the various possible events, write the socalled Hansen equation, ε = F(ε), giving ε. What can you say about F (ε), F(0), F(1), F (1) and F(∞); consequently, what form does the solution of the Hansen equation take?