to some other arbitrary constant that represents the leverage we apply).
There is a GUI development platform called RStudio, but I find its user interface to be quite crude compared to that of MATLAB, and hence debugging productivity is lower. R is also the slowest among the three languages, and the slowness is all the more problematic because, unlike MATLAB or Python, it cannot be compiled into C or C++ code for speeding up. ” Python is a language in the ascendant, though I know of quants who used it for backtesting back in 1998. Aside from being a standalone language of choice for many quantitative traders, platforms such as Quantopian also use it as their strategy specification language.