By D. M. Singleton
There's a frequent trust, either within the clinical global and in society at huge, that the best way and the level to which one learns a language relies on age. In dialogue, reference is frequently made to "speech milestones", "critical interval" and "language readiness", "optimal" and "sensitive" sessions. The proof for an age think about language acquisition is tested the following, from reports of "wolf kids" to the psychological capacities of the very outdated. The ebook additionally appears to be like at broader theoretical matters and, on a realistic observe, the ramifications of the age query with reference to moment language institution.
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Additional resources for Language Acquisition: The Age Factor (Multilingual Matters 47)
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13, 1979. : A developmental study of language behaviour in retarded children, in D. Morehead and A. Morehead (eds) Normal and Deficient Child Language (University Park Press, 1975). : The Wild Boy of Aveyron (Harvard University Press, 1976). Lapkin, S. : Research update, in Language and Society Vol. 12, 1984. Larsen, D. : Becoming Bilingual: A Guide to Language Learning (Practical Anthropology, 1972). : Biological Foundations of Language (John Wiley, 1967). : The natural history of language, in F.
The innateness hypothesis has further ramifications. If there is a faculty concerned specifically with language which is inborn, this not only sets language apart from behaviours which are acquired purely from the nurturing environment, but also suggests that language is an essential, perhaps defining, part of the human make-up, and renders very plausible the notion that language is peculiar to our species. On a slightly different tack, if there is an innate language faculty, it must be constituted in such a way as to be able to cope with any human language to which it is exposed, and, conversely, all human languages must be amenable to its operations.
The language development aspect of maturation is particularly to be borne in mind when one is considering second language learning. The beginning second language learner is more mature than the beginning first language learner not only physically, mentally and emotionally, but also linguistically. Page 7 All the points touched on in the foregoing are discussed more fully in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 examines the evidence relating to speech milestones; Chapter 3 reviews first language-related evidence appertaining to the critical period hypothesis; Chapter 4 looks at second language evidence of an optimum age for language learning; Chapter 5 outlines and appraises the various explanations that have been offered for the evidence of an age factor in language acquisition, and sketches the relationship between the age question and one particular model of languagethe Chomskyan; and Chapter 6 explores two major language educational issues that are linked to the age question: the question of second language instruction at elementary level and that of second languages for older adult learners.