By Pierre Ramond
Lorentz Invariance --
Gauge Fields --
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking --
Group idea --
Dynkinese --
Representations --
Standard Model--
The Lagrangian --
Historical Preamble --
The Lagrangian --
Standard Model--
Vacuum constitution --
The Electroweak Vacuum --
Calculating within the regular version --
Gauge solving in Unbroken Gauge Theories --
Gauge solving in damaged Gauge Theories --
Gauge solving within the Electroweak version --
Standard Model--
Tree-Level procedures --
Tree-Level Parameters --
W-Decay --
Z-Decay --
Muon Decay --
QCD at huge Distances --
Dimensional Transmutation --
The Chiral Lagrangian Approximation --
Explicit Chiral Symmetry Breaking --
Electroweak Interactions --
Anomalies and the Chiral Lagrangian --
The QCD Vacuum --
U(1) Anomaly and the Chiral Lagrangian --
Standard Model--
One-Loop constitution --
Quantum Electrodynamics --
The average version --
Partial Symmetries of the normal version --
Running the normal version Parameters --
Higher size Electroweak Operators --
Higgs Polynomials --
Electroweak greater Dimensions Interactions --
Standard Model--
One-Loop tactics --
General constitution --
Structure of the indirect Corrections --
Calculation of indirect Corrections --
[Delta]F = 1 techniques --
[Delta]F = 2 techniques --
Weak blending Phenomenology --
Standard version Calculations --
First trip: huge Neutrinos --
Neutrinos within the ordinary version --
Lorentz research --
Standard version research --
Electroweak versions with significant Neutrinos --
Fermion Extensions --
Lepton-number Violating versions.
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Additional resources for Journeys Beyond the Standard Model
Example text
For detailed accounts, the reader is referred to various books and collection of reprints which are listed at the end of this book. Suffice it to say , that the history of the standard model is remarkably rich as it mirrors the scientific effervescence of the natural sciences in this century. The first third of the XXth century witnessed unparalleled scientific activities, spurred on by the dramatic experimental discoveries which resulted in the establishment of quantum mechanics, and general relativity.
ItI ~I :. I IIIL llumbers of the l(ronpckf'r proouct 4 ® 4A = 6 . al. II L,... otiollS. However it. ain a state IIf 1L 1",,11I'1lt. nl,ions. hal. su m ('lUI Ill ' determined by the fact. that. the sum of their dimensions is eq11a l hi 'I w p roduct. o(('II1'ILI. y mOllud. ' of mnk p. h zeros except fur a olle ILl. till' I'~h positio n. herefore real , as requ ired. wo more types uf DYllkin diagrams with interesting symILI .. l · rie~. The D" Dynkin is symm etric muler the interchange of t hf' two d"tl'\ at t he 11 wId n - 1 p ositions.
He \V- boson . he decade of greAt. theoretical synthesis. First. NIllS of SU(3), by Y. N,:'emnll a nd M. 'lann at. be 1960·s. A few years 2 STANDARD MODEL later, M. Gell-Manll and, indep(nHlt~lIt,Jy C. ZWl'ig, used this classification to postulate quarks as the buildiug blocks of lmryouic Inatter. The addition of spin to this synthesis by F. Giirsey and L. Radicati led to a new puzzle, interpreted by O. W. Greenberg in terms of parastatistics for hadrons. This led Y. Nambu in 1964 to propose that quarks interact with one another through a SU(3) Yang-Mills theory.